Imagine a new automotive ecosphere in which manufacturing is no
longer a core competency and consumer demand for the newest technology
is as avid as demand for the latest, greatest video console or smart
phone. Who will make and sell cars? Who will get left behind? What kinds
of strategic alliances, joint ventures, or mergers will reshape the
competitive landscape? Will new consumer products companies enter the
market? In pondering these questions, we’ve identified four potential
new business models.
The Branded Integrated Life-Style Model
It’s a sleekly designed experience, riding in this self-driving car. As
elegantly designed as the sleekest smart phone. You use an app on your
phone to summon your car when you need it or to program a daily pick-up.
It’s as simple as setting the alarm on your phone. Your windshield
doubles as a screen, synching seamlessly with your other connected
devices. As you ride along, you swipe through applications and web
sites, checking your progress and the local weather on a digital
dashboard, uploading photos to your favorite web site or watching a
video. When you arrive at your destination, the screens you’ve opened
are synched and waiting for you on whatever device you pick up next.
In this model, perhaps a company with no traditional presence in the
auto industry that is already an integral part of the consumer’s life
outside the vehicle could become a key participant in the ecosystem.
Since self-driving vehicles will no longer need the same level of
rigorous testing and validation, and manufacturing could potentially be
outsourced, their emphasis would be on consumer research, product
development, and sale of integrated lifestyle experiences.
The Open System Model
It’s all about the data and how to use these data to customize the
consumer value proposition. The market for big data is growing
exponentially. Market intelligence provider IDC predicts that by 2015
the “Big Data” market will be $16.9 billion, up from $3.2 billion in
2010. A major player in the data market might not want to manufacture
vehicles, but could well design a vehicle operating system. With more
than a billion cars serving up trillions of data points about consumer
behavior, traffic patterns, and topography, an operating system (OS)
developer could afford to give away the OS but accrue significant value
from the data they could aggregate. Who would manufacture the vehicle?
The OS provider could partner with any of the world’s vehicle
manufacturers—and not just the traditional automotive manufacturers.
Partnerships could be established with one or more new players who might
compete in the branded technology arena.
The Mobility On Demand Model
Zipcar was the pioneer in the shared-vehicle field, but other players
are breaking into the market. Whereas current mobility on demand
providers must make vehicles easily accessible for customers in urban
areas, their vehicle maintenance and parking fees are high. With
self-driving vehicles, proximity to end-users would no longer be
necessary. Vehicles could be dispatched by taxi and car service
companies.
Giant retailers with a core competence in managing complex
distribution channels or fleet providers with the capability to manage
the complexity of renting and allocation of fleets could enter the fray
and accrue significant value in the new ecosystem. New entrants in the
market might compete at either end of the spectrum—with generic,
low-cost utilitarian transportation on demand at one end (the low-cost
airline model) and super-luxury mobile executive suites and sleeping
pods at the other (the first class or private jet experience).
Success will be determined by efficiency, reliability, flexibility,
vehicle maintenance, customer service, ease of human-vehicle interface,
and integration with existing consumer devices—and all the other
psychographic factors that determine consumer behaviors and brand
preferences.
The OEM Model
Traditional automotive manufacturers have decades of experience in
designing and manufacturing vehicles, and shaping an emotional
connection with consumers. But will they move fast enough to maintain
their brand dominance? Smart automotive manufacturers should be planning
now, thinking about how to restructure their organizations and what
potential strategic investments they should be making.
History has not
been kind to those who get stuck protecting the status quo in the face
of disruptive change. In fact, collaboration is already taking place
across the ecosystem as companies strive to stay relevant. The joint
project between Intel and DENSO to develop in-vehicle communication and
information systems exemplifies the new cross-industry synergistic
relationships.
Vertical integration is an option for companies looking to bring a
critical skill or technology in house. Some vehicle manufacturers have
established venture capital subsidiaries to invest in promising new
technologies as a means of bridging any skill or technology gaps. Doing
so may provide a competitive advantage in this rapidly evolving
ecosystem.
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